The term "Bottom of the Pyramid" (BOP) refers to the large and growing population at the lower end of the socio-economic spectrum, who have limited or no access to many basic goods and services that are taken for granted by those in higher income groups. This phrase is often used in business and marketing contexts to describe a segment of consumers with significant purchasing power but limited resources, and it highlights the potential for companies to tap into this vast market by offering affordable products and services tailored to their needs.